Carlos Jaramillo
Staff Scientist
e-mail: jaramilloc@si.edu
Link: Jaramillo Lab
Address: CTPA
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
Box 0843-03092 & # 8232
Balboa, Ancon Republic of Panama
or Unit 0948
Apo AA 34002-0948
Telephone: +507 212-8089
FAX: +507 212-8154
Publications
Publications by Carlos Jaramillo in STRI Bibliography
Research Interests
My research investigates the causes, patterns, and processes of tropical biodiversity at diverse scales of time and space. I intend to address questions from a paleontological perspective (mainly using fossil pollen, spores. plant megafossils, and dinoflagellates), a point of view that is largely needed to understand and predict the behavior of biota in tropical ecosystems. I am also interested in Cretaceous-Cenozoic biostratigraphy of low latitudes, developing methods for high-resolution biostratigraphy and the paleobiogeography of Tethys.
Current Research
We are working actively in several questions:
1. Are macroevolutionary patterns of tropical forests correlated to climatic perturbations? How did different scales of space and time affect those patterns and their underlying processes?
2. Where and when is the oldest Tropical Rainforest, How different was from modern Rainforests? Has always been so diverse?
3. What is the climate of the tropics during major global warmings?
4. What are the patterns of plant diversification in the Neotropics throughout the last 70 million years
5. Developing techniques for Quantitative biostratigraphy
6. What kinds of historical conditions create biodiversity hotspots?
7. How do tropical floras respond to the Cretaceous-Tertiary bolide impact? Are Cretaceous- Tertiary tropical forests more or less diverse than modern tropical forests?
8. Has a vegetation diversity latitudinal gradient been present since the origin of the angiosperms?
9. Modeling tropical plant diversification throughout macroevolutionary times.
10. A high resolution Cretaceous to Tertiary biostratigraphy for northern South America
11. Developing models for foraminifera biostratigraphy and paleobathymetry for the Colombia Basin
Education and Degrees
University of Florida 1999 Ph.D. Geology, Botany
University of Missouri-Rolla 1995 M.S. Geology
Universidad Nacional de Colombia 1992 Geologist.
Selected Bibliography
Published Papers
Jaramillo, C., Rueda, M. and Mora, G. 2006 Cenozoic Plant Diversity in the Neotropics. Science, 311: 1893-1896.
Hawkins, B.A., Felizola Diniz-Filho, J.A., Jaramillo, C.A. and Soeller, S.A. 2006 Post-Eocene climate change and the latitudinal diversity gradient of New World birds. Journal of Biogeography, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01452.x
Jaramillo, C., Muñoz, F., Cogollo, M. and Parra, F. 2005. Quantitative Biostratigraphy for the Paleocene of the Llanos Foothills, Colombia: Improving Palynological Resolution for Oil Exploration. In: Recent Developments in Applied Biostratigraphy, Powell, A.J. and Riding, J. (eds), The Micropaleontological Society Special Publication, pp. 145-159.
Oboh-Ikuenobe, F. , Obi, C., and Jaramillo, C. 2005. Lithofacies, Palynofacies, and Sequence Stratigraphy of Paleogene Strata in Southeastern Nigeria. Journal of African Earth Science 41: Pages 79-101.
Charles C. Davis, Campbell O. Webb, Kenneth J. Wurdack,Carlos A. Jaramillo, and Michael J. Donoghue. 2005. Explosive radiation of Malpighiales supports a mid-Cretaceous origin of Modern Tropical Rain Forests. American Naturalist 165: E36-65.
Bayona, G., Cortés, M., Jaramillo, C., and Llinás, R. 2003. The Tertiary Fusagasugá succession: a record of the complex Latest Cretaceous-pre-Miocene deformation between the Magdalena Valley and Sabana de Bogotá areas. VIII Simposio Bolivariano de Cuencas Subandinas Exploración Petrolera en las Cuencas Subandinas, Cartagena, pp 180-193.
Pardo, A., Jaramillo, C. and Oboh, F. 2003. Paleogene palynostratigraphy of the Eastern Middle Magdalena Valley, Colombia, Palynology, 27: 155-178.
Oboh, F. and Jaramillo, C. 2003. Palynological patterns in uppermost Eocene to lower Oligocene sedimentary rocks in the U.S. Gulf Coast. In: From Greenhouse to Icehouse: The Marine Eocene-Oligocene Transition, D. R. Prothero, L.C. Ivany, and E.A. Nesbit eds, Columbia University Press, New York, pp: 269-282.
Pardo, A, and Jaramillo, C. 2002. New Palynostratigraphical data of NW South America Paleocene-Eocene of the Middle Magdalena Valley, Colombia. International Journal of tropical Geology, Geography and Ecology 26: 1-10.
Jaramillo, C. 2002. Response of tropical vegetation to Paleogene warming. Paleobiology, 28:222-243.
Jaramillo, C. and Oboh, F. 2001. Sequence stratigraphy of the Pachuta-Marianna interval (upper Eocene-lower Oligocene) in the U.S. Gulf Coast. D.K. Goodman and R. Clarke eds. Proceedings of the IX International Palynological Congress, Houston, Texas, USA, 1996. AASP Foundation, pp 263-276.
Jaramillo, C. and Dilcher, D.L. 2001. Middle Paleogene Palynology of Central Colombia, South America: A Study of Pollen and Spores from Tropical Latitudes. Palaeontographica B 285: 87-213.
Jaramillo, C. and Dilcher, D.L. 2000. Microfloral diversity patterns of the late Paleocene-Eocene interval in Colombia, northern South America. Geology 28: 815-818.
Jaramillo, C. and Bayona, G. 2000. Mangrove Distribution During the Holocene in Tribugá Gulf, Colombia. Biotropica, 32: 14-22.
Jaramillo, C. and Oboh, F. 1999. Sequence Stratigraphic Interpretations from Palynofacies, Dinocyst and Lithological data of Upper Eocene-Lower Oligocene Strata in Southern Mississippi and Alabama, U.S. Gulf Coast. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 145: 259-302
Oboh, F, Jaramillo, C and Reeves, L. 1996. Late Eocene-Early Oligocene Paleofloristic patterns in southern Mississippi and Alabama, US Gulf Coast. Review of Paleobotany and Palynology 91: 23-34.
Jaramillo, C. and Yepes, O. 1994. Palinoestratigrafía del Grupo Oliní (Coniaciano-Campaniano), Valle Superior del Magdalena. In: Estudios geológicos del Valle Superior del Magdalena, Fernando Etayo Ed., Universidad Nacional, p. XVII 1-17.
Montes, C., Jaramillo, C ., Yepes, O., Cortes, M. and Mora, G. 1993. Colombia Llanos Foothills: a new approach. II Reunión del Paleógeno de Suramérica, Proyecto IGCP 301, UNESCO, Caracas.
Villamil, T; Arango, C; Castillo, D; Jaramillo, C; y Mojica, D. 1993. Correlación gráfica y cambio de facies entre dos localidades de la formación La Frontera, via Bogotá-Mesitas del Colegio, Colombia. Facies Colombia 3: 1-10.
Jaramillo, C. 1993. Ocurrencia de Peridinium limbatum y Peridinium cinctum en el embalse de Chuza. Facies Colombia 3: 40.
Jaramillo, C & Montes, C. 1991. Métodos en análisis de deformación. Facies, Colombia 1: 32-40.
Submitted papers
Jaramillo, C., Rueda, M., Bayona, G. Santos, C., Florez, P. and Parra, F. Biostratigraphy Breaking Paradigms: The Absence of the Eocene Mirador Formation in the Eastern Llanos of Colombia. Submitted to SEPM special issue on biostratigraphic applications
Mora, G. and Jaramillo, C. Rhythmicity in chert deposits of Colombia as evidence for the effect of orbital forcing on Santonian tropical climate change. Submitted to Journal of South American Earth Sciences.
Bayona, G. y Jaramillo, C.A. Resultados paleomagneticos en unidades del Paleogeno de Colombia y oeste de Venezuela y posibles usos para caracterizacion de contactos. Submitted to Geologia Colombiana.
Aristizabal, J.J., Sanchez. J. , Paz, M.G., Muñoz, J, Villamil, T., Jaramillo, C., Rueda, R., Mesa, A. GOIS A method for the geological control of exploratory wells in complex frontier areas: the Gibraltar case, northern llanos foothills of Colombia, Submitted to Journal of Petroleum Geology.
Harrington, G. and Jaramillo, C. Paratropical floral extinction in the Late Palaeocene-Early Eocene. Submitted to Journal of Geology.
Hawkins, B.A., Felizola Diniz-Filho, J.A., Jaramillo, C.A. and Soeller, S.A. Climate, niche conservatism, and the global bird diversity gradient. Submitted to American Naturalist.
Published Abstracts of Papers Presented at Professional Meetings
Mejia, P., Dilcher, D., and Jaramillo, C. 2006 Early Angiosperm evolution in tropical latitudes inferred from Cretaceous palynofloras. Advances in Paleobotany Program and Abstracts, Gainesville, USA, p. 46.
Jaramillo, C. 2006 Area drives plant diversification in the Neotropics. Advances in Paleobotany Program and Abstracts, Gainesville, USA, p. 33.
Jaramillo, C, Rodriguez, G., Brenac, P., Rueda, M., Contreras, L., and Mora, G. 2006 Major floristic changes at the PETM in the Neotropics. Climate and Biota of the early Paleogene, Bilbao, Spain.
Herrera, F., Wing, S., Jaramillo, C. A.,and Gomez, C. 2006. Araceae fossil record from the late Paleocene of northern South America. Climate and Biota of the early Paleogene, Bilbao, Spain.
Bayona, G. Reyes, A., Jaramillo, C. and Rueda, M. 2006 Distinguishing Tectonic Versus Eustatic Flooding Surfaces in the Llanos Basin of Colombia, and Implications for Stratigraphic Correlations. Simposio Bolivariano de Cuencas Subandinas, Cartagena
Rincon, D, Cardenas, A., Pulido, M. Molinares, C. Caicedo, C. Cuartas, C. Arenas, J. and Jaramillo, C. 2006. Oligocene-Pliocene Planktonic Foraminifera Biostratigraphy From Southwest Caribbean
Bayona, G., Cortes, M., Aristizabal. J., Jaramillo, C., Ojeda, G., Rueda, M., Reyes, A., Villamarin, P. 2006. Pinch out of Upper Cretaceous-Oligocene reservoir units in the Llanos basin of Colombia: a result of flexural deformation in a broken foreland? AAPG Annual Meeting, Houston, TX.
Herrera, F., Wing, S., and Jaramillo, C. A. 2005. Warm (Not Hot) Tropics During the Late Paleocene: First Continental Evidence. AGU Annual Meeting, San Francisco.
Jaramillo, C, Rodriguez, G., Brenac, P., Rueda, M. 2005. Floristic Changes at the PETM in the Neotropics. GSA Annual Meeting, Denver.
Mejia, P, Dilcher, D, and Jaramillo, C. 2005 Early Angiosperm Evolution in Tropical Latitudes. AASP 38th Annual Meeting, St. Louis, Missouri.
Parra, Felipe and Jaramillo, C. 2005. The Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in tropical latitudes: Understanding the response of tropical vegetation to a major environmental crisis. AASP 38th Annual Meeting, St. Louis, Missouri.
Molinares, C. And Jaramillo, C. 2005. Biostratigraphic value of Rzehakina epigona in the Paleocene – Early Eocene of Northern South America. 7th IWAF, International Workshop about Agglutinated Foraminifera. Urbino, Italy.
Montes, C., Bayona, G., Jaramillo, C., Ojeda, G., Molina, M., and Herrera, F., 2005. Uplift of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and Subsidence in the Cesar-Rancheria Valley: Rigid-Beam Pivot Model, in 6th International Symposium of Andean Geodynamics, Barcelona, p. 4.
Parra, M., Mora, A., Jaramillo, C. Strecker, M. and Veloza, G. 2005. New stratigraphic data on the initiation of mountain building at the Eastern Front of the Colombian Eastern Cordillera. ISAG Abstracts, Barcelona.
Bloch, J. I., Cadena, E. A., Wing, S. L., Jaramillo, C. 2005. Paleocene vertebrates from the Cerrejón Formation, Guajira peninsula, Northeastern Colombia. Society of Vertebrate Paleontologist Annual Meeting.
Jaramillo, C. Rueda, M. F. Parra; G. Rodriguez. 2005. Biostratigraphy Breaking Paradigms: The Absence of the Mirador Formation in the Eastern Llanos of Colombia. Geological Problem Solving with Microfossils. Rice University, Houston.
Rueda, M. and Jaramillo, C. 2005. A Palynological Zonation for the Cretaceous - Tertiary of Colombia. Geological Problem Solving with Microfossils. Rice University, Houston.
Jaramillo, C. and Rueda, M. 2004. Impact of Biostratigraphy on Oil Exploration. III Convencion Tecnica ACGGP. La inversion en el conocimiento geologico, P4, CDROM, Bogota.
Bayona, G., Jaramillo, C., Rueda, M., Pardo, A., Christie A., and Hernandez, G. 2004. Important Paleotectonic and Chronostratigraphic Considerations of the Late Paleocene in the Northernmost Andes as Constrained by Paleocene Rocks in the Cerrejón Coal Mine, Guajira, Colombia. III Convencion Tecnica ACGGP
Pardo-Trujillo, A. and Jaramillo, C.A. 2004. Paleocene-Eocene palynology and palynofacies of tropical South America: northeastern Colombia and western Venezuela. XI IPC, Grenada, Spain, Polen 14: 191-192.
Mejia, P. and Jaramillo, C.A. 2004. Do tropical floodplains from the Aptian contain less angiosperms than tropical foodplains from the Maastrichtian? XI IPC, Grenada, Spain, Polen 14: 448.
Jaramillo, C.A.; Rueda, M.J.; Parra, F.; Bedoya, G; Gomez, C., Mejia, P.; Cadena, E.; Herrera, F.; Antolinez, H.; Florez, P.; Santos, C. and Cogollo, M. 2004. Quantitative biostratigraphy for the Tertiary of the Llanos Foothills, Colombia: Improving palynological resolution for oil exploration. XI IPC, Grenada, Spain, Polen 14: 189-190.
Willumsen, P.S.; Antolinez, H. and Jaramillo, C. 2004. Maastrichtian to early Eocene dinoflagellate cysts of West Africa, Nigeria. XI IPC, Grenada, Spain, Polen 14: 414-415.
Solé de Porta, N., Jaramillo, C. and Martín-Algarra, A. 2004. Pantropical Palynomorphs in the Eocene of The Malaguides (Betic Cordillera, Southern Spain). XI IPC, Grenada, Spain, Polen 14: 189.
Wing, S., Herrera, F., and Jaramillo, C. A. 2004. A Paleocene flora from the Cerrejon formation, Guajira Peninsula, northeastern Colombia, International Organization of Paleobotany, Seventh Quatrennial Conference. Bariloche, Argentina. Abstracts 146-147.
Jaramillo, C. 2004. Campanian to Miocene patterns of plant diversification in the neotropics. VII IOPC. Bariloche, Argentina.
Jaramillo, C. 2004. Paleogene patterns of plant diversification in the Neotropics. Climate and biota of the Early Paleogene: CBEP V. Luxor, Egypt.
Antolinez, H., Jaramillo, C.A., and Oboh-Ikuenobe, F. 2003. Late Paleocene-early Eocene dinoflagellate cyst assemblages in Nigeria: biostratigraphic implications for tropical regions. Abstracts and Proceedings, AASP Annual Meeting, St. Catherines, Canada.
Jaramillo, C. 2003. Maastrichtian to Early Miocene patterns of plant diversification in the Neotropics. GSA Annual Meeting, Seattle.
Pardo, A., Jaramillo, C., Dupuis, C. and Roche, E. 2003. Paleogene palynostratigraphy of NW South America. Paleogene Stratigraphy, IUGS, Leuven, Belgium
Jaramillo, C. 2003. Resilencia de un bosque a cambios externos y su diversidad. IX Congreso Colombiano de Geologia, Medellin.
Pardo, A. and Jaramillo, C. 2003. Avances y perpectivas en los estudios palinologicos del Terciario inferior de Colombia. IX Congreso Colombiano de Geologia, Medellin.
Bayona, G., Montes, C., y Jaramillo, C., 2003. Propuesta para documentar rotaciones de bloques regionales y estructuras locales en los Andes Septentrionales. IX Congreso Colombiano de Geologia, Medellin.
Antolinez, H, and Jaramillo, C. 2003. Calibracion de las zonas de polen y esporas de la transicion Paleoceno-Eoceno de Nigeria usando dinoflagelados. IX Congreso Colombiano de Geologia, Medellin.
Herrera, F. and Jaramillo, C. 2003. Paleotemperatura y Paleoprecipitacion del Paleoceno Superior tropical apartir de magafosiles de plantas de la Formacion Cerrejon. IX Congreso Colombiano de Geologia, Medellin.
Cogollo, M., Rueda, M., Jaramillo, C. and Muñoz, F. 2003. Aplicación de un patrón palinoestratigráfico en el pozo Arauca-2: Se dirime la existencia de la Formación Mirador y otras interpretaciones. IX Congreso Colombiano de Geologia, Medellin.
Daza, R. and Jaramillo, C. 2003. Batimetría de un punto del Ontong Java Plateau (Ocean Drilling Program, Leg 192, Sitio 1184) durante el Eoceno medio. IX Congreso Colombiano de Geologia, Medellin.
Jaramillo, C., Muñoz, F., Cogollo, M, and Parra, F, 2002. Quantitative Biostratigraphy for the Paleogene of the Llanos Foothills, Colombia: Improving Palynological Resolution in Oil Exploration. AASP-NMA joint meeting, London.
Pardo, A. and Jaramillo, C. 2002. Palinologia del intervalo Paleoceno-Eoceno en el Valle Medio del Magdalena (Colombia, Sur América). XIV Simposio de la Asociación de Palinólogos de Lengua Española (APLE), Salamanca.
Jaramillo, C. 2002 La utilidad de los fósiles en reconstrucciones biogeográficas y filogenéticas. Congreso Latinoamericano de Botanica, Cartagena
Jaramillo, C., German Bayona, Andres Pardo, Maria Victoria Mejia; Neil Opdyke, Rob Van der Voo, Javier Sanchez, 2002. Constraining the age of synorogenic continental paleogene strata in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, South america: a combined palynological and paleomagnetic approach. Eos Trans. AGU 83 (47), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract. GP71A-0978.
Jaramillo, C. and Dilcher, D. 2001 Response of tropical vegetation to the early Paleogene warming climate. Congreso Colombiano de Geologia, Manizales.
Jaramillo, C. and Bayona, G. 2001 Distribución del mangle durante el Holoceno en el Golfo de Tribugá, Chocó. Congreso Colombiano de Geologia, Manizales.
Jaramillo, C., Oboh-Ikuenobe, F. E., and Obi, G. 2001 The early Eocene floras of equatorial latitudes: First record of a tropical rainforest in geologic history. Abstracts and Proceedings, AASP Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX.
Jaramillo, C. 2001. Response of tropical vegetation to the early Paleocene warming climate. Climate and biota of the early Paleogene, Powell, Wyoming, USA, Memoirs, p. 48.
Jaramillo, C. 2001. Mangrove distribution during the Holocene in Chocó, Colombia. Mid continent Paleobotanical Colloquium, Washington DC, 2001.
Jaramillo, C. and Dilcher, D. 2000. The effects of global warming on tropical vegetation: an example from the Eocene of Colombia. Abstracts 10th International Palynological Congress, Nanjing, China, p. 74.
Millam, K. C. and C. A. Jaramillo. 1999. Drip-tips: phylogenetic heritage or ecological adaptation? Joint meeting of the Society for the Study of Evolution, The American Society of Naturalists, and The Society of Systematic Biologists. Madison, Wisconsin.
Jaramillo, C. and Dilcher, D. 1999. Pollen diversity patterns during the Eocene Thermal Maximum in Central Colombia. Abstracts XVI International Botanical Congress, St. Louis, MO, p. 452.
Jaramillo, C. and Dilcher, D. 1999. Patrones de diversidad durante el calentamiento global del Eoceno en Colombia. Memoria 1 Congreso Colombiano de Botánico, Bogotá, Colombia.
Jaramillo, C. and Bayona, G. 1999. Distribución del manglar durante el Holoceno en el Golfo de Tribugá, Chocó. Memoria 1 Congreso Colombiano de Botánico, Bogotá, Colombia.
Hopkins, D.J., Johnson, K.R., and Jaramillo, C. 1998. Diversity and evolution of Cenozoic cycads in western North America. Abstracts and Proceedings, BSA annual meeting, Baltimore.
Bayona, G. and Jaramillo, C. 1998. Maastrichtian-Paleocene basin evolution of northwestern South America: the transition from a mature extensional basin to a foreland basin. AAPG annual meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, analytic compact disc.
Jaramillo, C. and Dilcher, D. 1997. Middle Paleogene Palynology of La Pinalerita section, Llanos Foothills, Colombia: Biostratigraphic and Sequence Stratigraphic Implications. Symposium of Palynostratigraphy of Low Latitudes, Isla Margarita, Venezuela.
Jaramillo, C. and Oboh, F. 1996. Sequence Stratigraphic Interpretations from Dinocyst Distribution, Palynofacies, and Lithologic Characteristics: an Example from the Late Paleogene of the Eastern Gulf Coast, USA". Ninth International Palynological Congress, Houston, Abstracts, p. 72.
Jaramillo, C. and Dilcher, D.L. 1996. Paleoecological Reconstructions from Palynological and Plant Megafossil Remains: Two Opposite Points of View. Ninth International Palynological Congress, Houston., Abstracts, p. 71.
Jaramillo, C., Yepes, O., and Oboh, F. 1996. Modeling Paleobathymetric and Relative Sea Level Curves from Palynofacies Analysis and Palynomorphs Paleoecology. AAPG Bulletin 80: 1303.
Dilcher, D.L., Jaramillo, C., and Setterholm, D.R. 1996. Fossil plants from Mid-Cretaceous sediments in Southwest Minnesota". Abstract with Programs-GSA, v. 28, 6, p. 36.
Jaramillo, C. , Oboh, F. and Yepes, O. 1995. Reconstructing paleobathymetric curves from palynofacies analyses of siliciclastics, cherts, and carbonates rocks from nearshore outer shelf depositional systems" Abstracts and Proceedings, 25 AASP Annual Meeting, Ottawa, Canada, p. 15.
Oboh, F., Jaramillo, C., and Reeves, L. 1995. Late Eocene and Early Oligocene Paleofloristics patterns in Southern Mississippi and Alabama . Palynology 19: 245.
Jaramillo, C. Yepes, O. 1995. Palynological Recognition of a Maximum Flooding Surface. Abstracts and Proceedings, AAPG Annual Meeting, Houston, TX., p. 47A.
Jaramillo, C., Barreto, M. and Montes, C. 1994. Tectonism and its Role in Evolution. Remarks from the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia. Abstracts and Proceedings, GSA Annual Meeting, Seattle, Washington, p. A-60.
Villamil, T., Arango, C., Kauffman, E. and Jaramillo, C. 1994. Cyclicity in the Cretaceous Organic Rich Facies of Colombia and Its Predictive Potencial for Evaluating source-Rocks. Annual Meeting abstracts, AAPG and SEPM, v. 1994, p.277.
Jaramillo, C., and Yepes, O. 1994. Recognition of a Maximum Flooding Surface: Two examples from the Cretaceous of Colombia. Palynology 18: 249-250.